Posted: April 13th, 2023

Research Project (Powerpoint) essay

APA Style Samples

1. In-text citations (when paraphrasing information- no direct quotes)
Conversely, teachers who work together, share ideas, and provide critical feedback with each other over time are more likely to improve their skills as they collaborate with colleagues (Harwell, 2003; DuFour & Marzano, 2011; Reeves, 2008; Danielson, 2006; Liberman & Miller, 2004). This typically multifaceted type of professional development, which is often supported by the school, enables teachers to experience meaningful opportunities to increase their effectiveness and enhance their core teaching strategies (Cohen & Hill, 2001; Hallman, Wenzel & Fendt, 2004; Hawley &Valli, 1999) as they simultaneously create a community of practice which has been documented to be an effective context for learning (Wenger, 1999). Research that points to the ineffectiveness of one-day workshops as well as the effectiveness of teacher led, ongoing, on-site professional development has been a catalyst for engaging teacher leaders as in-district professional development facilitators. When schools have an effective professional development provider onsite, the potential for enhanced learning opportunities is increased (Harwell, 2003; Fullan, 2006).

2. In-text citations (using direct quotes-LESS than 40 words- from other’s work)
In other words, teacher leaders, as defined in the research, are positioned to create learning opportunities to improve practice for other teachers, similar to Katzenmeyer and Moller’s (2001) assertion that teacher leaders are teachers who “lead within and beyond the classroom, influence others toward improved educational practice, and identify with and contribute to a community of teacher leaders” (p. 6).

3. In-text citations (using direct quotes-MORE than 40 words- from other’s work)
In Rosen’s study (2013), Mr. Walton explained the importance, with which he regarded professional development in his school’s vision by saying,
[We] keep it at the forefront of everything we do. That is, continuous improvement of teacher and student learning. And make it the rudder, make it the mission, make it the goal, make it the vision, make it any word you want to use, that everything we do … the question could be turned around and say if something happens in the school and there is an issue, I could ask what does this have to do with student learning? It’s all about a focus on professional learning in relation to student outcomes. That is, my role is to ensure that there are opportunities for those conversations, to carve out the most precious commodity that we are all in short supply of, which is time. To manage that time in such a way to ensure that whatever is delivered models good instruction, isn’t 40 pounds of sausage in a 10 pound bag, that [it] is a manageable piece that can then be applied, and most importantly, followed up on, to not only monitor student progress but to monitor and get feedback from teachers in terms of how this works for our kids. (p. 165)

4. Reference Page(s)
Ackerman, R., and Mackenzie, S. (2006). Uncovering teacher leadership. Educational
Leadership, 63(8), 66-70.
Adler, P. & Kohn, S.W. (2002). Social capital: Prospects for a new content. The Academy of
Management Review. 27(1). 17-40.
Argyris, C., & Schön, D. A. (1974). Theory in practice: increasing professional
effectiveness (1st ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.

ONLINE SOURCES
Entire Website
When citing an entire website, it is sufficient to give the address of the website in the text of your paper. Example: The MiraCosta Library homepage presents a wealth of resources to help students manage their research needs (http://library.miracosta.edu/homepage).

Article on a Website
Name of website. (Date). Title of individual article. Retrieved from URL
Wetlands Restoration Project. (2003). Atlantic Global Marsh thrives under new protection. Retrieved from http://www.wetlands.org/atlantic_global_marsh.html

Web Page With No Author
New child vaccine gets funding boost. (2001). Retrieved from http://news.ninemsn.com.au/health/story_13718.asp

Website Without Author, Year, Page Numbers
Heuristic. (n.d.). In Merriam-Webster’s online diction-ary (11th ed.). Retrieved from
http://www.m-w.com/dictionary/heuristic

Government Document Online
National Institute of Health. (2009). Depression: The silent killer (NIH Publication No. 08-3571). Retrieved from http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/depression/ index.pdf

YouTube Video (Video Blog Post)**
Lustig, R. H. (2009, July 30). Sugar: The bitter truth [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dBnniua6-oM
** If author’s full name is not provided, you can use the screenname of the person posting the video.

Blog Post
Greenslate, C., & Leonard, K. (2009, October 10). Stephanie Smith, differences in aid, and Paul Farmer [Web log post]. Retrieved from http://onedollardietproject. wordpress.com/

Wikis
Psychometric analysis. (n.d.). Retrieved September 9, 2011* from the Psych Wiki:
http://wiki.com/wiki/Psychometric_analysis
*Note: Only include a date of retrieval if the information is likely to change, such as on a wiki.

Podcast
Coulter, D. (Producer). (2009, October 7). Microwav-ing water from moondust @ NASA
Podcast. [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from http://science.nasa.gov/podcast.htm

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