Posted: November 29th, 2022

Medical exam Test 4 Topic- Review

Test 4 Topic- Review
1. Psychosis is a striking and essential feature of schizophrenia. Psychosis means what?
2. Extrapyramidal side effects are..
3. Kraepelin’s use of the term “dementia praecox,” referred to what?
4. Delusions are what?
5. What are hallucinations?
6. What type of hallucinations are the most common?
7. What are Negative symptoms?
8. Brief psychotic disorder.
9. Risk factor for developing schizophrenia.
10. First-generation antipsychotics
11. Mild to moderate diffuse brain damage is most likely to result in ________
12. Someone with focal brain damage in his or her left parietal lobe will likely have ?
13. Delirium
14. The first sign of neurocognitive disorder in older adults is typically what?
15. The first neurons to be affected in Alzheimer’s disease are cells that release
16. Vascular dementia
17. Among children, the most commonly diagnosed disorders are
18. The most common childhood anxiety disorder is
19. Oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder
20. ADHD is characterized by a persistent pattern of difficulties
21. Currently, the cause of ADHD is believed to be
22. The hallmark symptom of autism is
23. Learning disabilities

Test questions examples

Extrapyramidal side effects are ________
1. involuntary movement abnormalities seen in patients taking first-generation antipsychotic drugs.
2. often fatal side-effects from second-generation antipsychotic drugs.
3. an increase in mood (reduction in depression) that occurs in people with schizoaffective disorder.
4. disorganized speech resulting from taking second-generation antipsychotic drugs.

Which of the following people has the highest risk of developing schizophrenia?
1. A person whose father was under 25 when he/she was born
2. A person whose mothwe was under 25 when he/she was born
3. A person whose father was over 50 when he/she was born
4. A person whose mother was over 50 when he/she was born
The majority of cases of schizophrenia begin in ________
1. late adulthood or old age.
2. late adolescence or early adulthood.
3. late childhood or early adolescence.
4. infancy or early childhood.

A person who has experiences a sudden onset of psychotic symptoms that last a few days and then pass, often never to return, would be diagnosed with _________
1. temporary schizophreniform disorder.
2. brief psychotic disorder.
3. provisional schizophreniform disorder.
4. schizophrenia praecox.

Studies of family concordance patterns for schizophrenia have found ________
1. little evidence of increased concordance with increased gene-sharing.
2. such strong correspondence between gene-sharing and diagnosis that environmental factors have been ruled out.
3. strong correspondence between gene-sharing and diagnosis but only for males.
4. that the more genetically related you are to someone with schizophrenia, the greater your risk of the disorder.
Why might Kraepelin’s idea that schizophrenia was similar to dementia not be as far from the truth as previously thought?
1. Evidence suggests that there sometimes are progressive changes in brain volume over time in people with schizophrenia.
2. The symptoms of the two disorders overlap tremendously.
3. On autopsy, people with schizophrenia show the same smoothing of the brain as is seen in people with dementia.
4. The same biological treatments work for both disorders.
Ursula has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. If PET scans were done to measure her brain’s activity, which area would probably be underactive?
1. The visual cortex
2. The deepest portions of the brain, the medulla and reticular activating system
3. The frontal lobes
4. The hypothalamus and pituitary

. In the DSM-5, the disorders previously known as “Delirium, Dementia, and Amnestic and Other Cognitive Disorders” are part of a newly proposed category called _____________.
1. Delirium and Dementia Disorders
2. Cognitive Disorders
3. Neurological Disorders
4. Neurocognitive Disorders

Mild to moderate diffuse brain damage is most likely to result in ________
1. mood disturbance.
2. memory problems.
3. visual distortions.
4. altered sleep patterns.
.
Most strokes are _______, the other 13 percent are _____. Both types can be disastrous.
1. ischemic, hemorrhagic
2. hemorrhagic, ischemic
3. caused by traumatic brain injury, of unknown etiology
4. of unknown etiology, caused by a blood clot.
.
Someone with focal brain damage in his or her left parietal lobe will likely have ________
1. difficulty with visual-motor coordination.
2. difficulty processing language.
3. problems with nonverbal reasoning.
4. problems with spatial relationships.

The increase incidence of ADHD in American society may be due to
1. carbohydrate diet
2. lack of regular activity
3. social factors
4. too much caffeine

.
It is important to do a thorough physical examination to rule out medical problems before diagnosing encopresis because these children often ________
1. have sleep and metabolic disorders, as well.
2. engage in hypochondriacal behaviors.
3. suffer from diabetes and other serious, chronic conditions.
4. suffer from constipation.

ADHD is characterized by a persistent pattern of difficulties ________
1. negativistic, defiant, disobedient, and hostile behavior toward authority figures.
2. violation of rules and a disregard for the rights of others.
3. excessive anxiety about separation from major attachment figures.
4. sustaining attention and/or impulsiveness and excessive or exaggerated motor activity.

Currently, the cause of ADHD is believed to be ________
1. a combination of family pathology and poor peer modelling.
2. excessive sugar in the diet.
3. an allergic reaction to certain foods and food additives.
4. both genetic and social-environmental factors.