Posted: January 28th, 2022

Kinetics of medication or pharmacokinetics involves the process of drug

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The study of medication kinetics, also known as pharmacokinetics, is concerned with the process of drug absorption, metabolism, distribution, and removal from the body. Patients with conditions such as liver failure or advanced age have decreased pharmacokinetics (Palatini & De Martin, 2016). Liver failure has an impact on the structure, proper functioning, blood flow, and the activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes. Hepatic blood flow is affected by liver illness, and this is a critical function of the liver in the body’s drug processing process, which is why liver disease is so dangerous. Furthermore, because the liver is the principal site of drug processing, other organs are unable to fill in for the liver’s absence in this regard (Mirzaei et al., 2017). Having a malfunctioning liver means that the medication’s components are no longer capable of being chemically changed or converted into active metabolites (Moore, Wong, Zhang, Pan & Foody, 2018). Some drugs have a metabolic pathway that converts active metabolites into inactive versions. This is dependent on the function of the medicine being treated. Consequently, a person suffering from liver disease will have a slower metabolism of drug components than a healthy individual. Patients over the age of 65 face a variety of issues with their vital body organs, which are critical to the kinetics of medicine administration. The functionality of critical organs such as the liver has been reduced, resulting in a slowed metabolism (Mirzaei et al., 2017). Patients who are elderly, for example, may experience decreased blood flow as they become older. Other changes that occur with age include a decrease in the amount of drug-metabolizing enzymes in the body as well as a decrease in the amount of blood flowing through the liver. Also noteworthy is the fact that pseudocapillarization of the liver is another element that influences the kinetics of medication (Palatini & De Martin, 2016). Therefore, older patients are supplied with customized medication to improve their overall functionality and quality of life. The absorption, metabolism, distribution, and excretion of various medications in a patient suffering from liver disease can also be avoided by a nurse because of the substantial impairment in these processes.
References
The authors (Mirzaei, H.; Shakeri, A.; Rashidi, B.; Jalili, A.; Banikazemi, Z.; and Sahebkar, A.) (2017). A review of the pharmacokinetics, as well as experimental and clinical trials, of phytosomal curcumin. Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, vol. 85, no. 1, pp. 102-112.
Moore, K. T., Wong, P., Zhang, L., Pan, G., & Foody, J. (in press). Moore, K. T., Wong, P., Zhang, L., Pan, G. (2018). The effect of age on the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, effectiveness, and safety of rivaroxaban has been studied extensively. Current Medical Research and Opinion, volume 34, number 12, pages 2053-2061.
Palatini, P., and De Martin, S. (in press) (2016). An update on pharmacokinetic medication interactions in the setting of liver disease. World Journal of Gastroenterology, volume 22, number 3, page 1260.

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