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Posted: September 7th, 2022
Autism
Student’s name: Date:
Research Questions
The study answered whether students with autism conditions had reduced neural activity when playing a game in social learning, social intention, and social interaction.
Experimental designs
Data used an interactive fMRI task, interpersonal competitive game, social learning Domino game to study mentalizing and motivation (Assaf et al., 2013). Thirteen individuals from different institutes with increased functioning ASDs and ages between 12 and 24 years, and 14 other healthy controls participated in fMRI Domino competitions against a computer opponent. It led them to believe it was a human opponent.
Summary of Methods
Thirteen individuals with high-functioning (FSIQ > 70) Autism spectrum disorder age between 12 to 24 years and ten men were recruited from different institutions mainly by word of mouth and advertisements.
The diagnosis of Autism Spectrum disorder to all individuals was made through the observational tool.
Fourteen typical development controls TD (ages between 11–23 and 11 males) were recruited through advertisements in learning institutions and the Olin center website and word of mouth. Again, autism spectrum disorder was ruled out in typical development controls.
Participants with FSIQ < 70 and any other MRI contraindication were excluded from the study. Eight of the 13 participants with autism spectrum disorder were given medication when scanned. Five of the participants received CNS stimulants, three received atypical antipsychotic drugs, while the other four received SSRI/SNRIs.
Results
The results showed that typical developmental controls with ASDs took their human opponents’ moves into account while playing and did more in the human than computer-opponent runs (Assaf et al., 2013). There was no significant effect of group or a group by Opponent Type interaction.
Commentary
The study showed that individuals with high ASDs function failed to show the typically increased activation in MTG during mentalizing processing in a social context.
Reference
Assaf, M., Hyatt, C. J., Wong, C. G., Johnson, M. R., Schultz, R. T., Hendler, T., & Pearlson, G. D. (2013). Mentalizing and motivation neural function during social interactions in autism spectrum disorders. NeuroImage Clinical, 3, 321-331.
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