Posted: August 31st, 2022

Stroke Disease and Treatment

Stroke Disease and Treatment
A Stroke or a brain attack is the sudden interruption in the supply of blood to the brain. This occurs when the blood vessels supplying blood to the brain raptures and begin to bleed or when there is a partial or complete blocked in these vessels. As a result, the brain is deprived of oxygen and nutrients, and brain cells and tissue start to die.
Types of Stroke
There are three main types of stroke
• Ischemic stroke: It the most common type of stroke and occurs when a blood clot develops in the blood vessels leading to the brain. These clots prevent blood flow to the brain, resulting in damage to the brain cells and tissue.
• Hemorrhagic stroke: It occurs when a blood vessel in the brain region raptures and blood begins to sip through the brain cells and tissues, causing damage. Hemorrhagic stroke is mainly caused by high blood pressure or brain aneurysms.
• Transient ischemic attack (TIA): This occurs when blood flow to part of the brain stops, but then resumes after a short period of time. This type of stroke is rarely severe and often resolves without treatment.
Signs and Symptoms of Stroke
Symptoms vary with the type of stroke and the part of the brain affected. Stroke symptoms are related to impairment in the nerve function and occur in the part of the body controlled by the damaged area of the brain. Typical symptoms of a stroke include numbness or weakness in the arm, face, or leg, vision problems such as double or blurred vision in one or both eyes, dizziness, loss of balance and coordination, severe headache, and trouble speaking or understanding speech.
Risk factor
Anyone can suffer a stroke, but some people are at a higher risk than others. These include older and obese individuals, smokers, and those living with other health conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, heart diseases like atrial fibrillation and heart valve disease.
Treatment of Stroke
Stroke is a medical emergency that requires immediate intervention. While many strokes are treatable, some can result in permanent disability or death. Treatment options depend on the type of stroke. With an ischemic stroke, treatment options tend to focus on breaking down the clot that prevents the supply of blood to the brain. The doctor may administer blood thinners or tissue plasminogen activator (TPA), which work by dissolving the clot and restoring blood supply to the brain. With a hemorrhagic stroke, treatment will focus on controlling bleeding. Treatment options may involve medications that reduce blood pressure in the brain.
Rehabilitation
In most cases, stroke results in lasting physical and emotional effects. Rehabilitation has been proven to be very effective in helping stroke patients regain most or all their normal functionality. Rehabilitation often involves specific therapies, including physical therapies, speech therapies, occupational therapies, and emotional help from family, friends, and support groups.

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