Posted: August 15th, 2022

Title: Identifying Elements of Research Articles

Title: Identifying Elements of Research Articles

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Identifying Elements of Research Articles
1. What is the problem addressed in the paper? In other words, what does the author cite as the purpose of the study or what is the author trying to find out?
The article, according to Kerley et al., 2006, talks about how religiosity affects both emotional and behavioral nature of prisoners. Religiosity enables inmates to reduce the frequency of arguments but does not necessarily help them cope with negative emotions. Religion is necessary for inmates mental health; religious inmates are less likely to experience mental health issues compared to the non-religious inmates. The primary purpose of the study is to find out how participation in religious activities can reduce deviance in prisons, control behavior as well as emotions, for instance, self-control.
2. Is a theory being tested in the paper? If so, identify it and summarize the author’ review of the method. If a hypothesis is not being tested, describe the major concepts being studied?
The theory shows the validity of how religion is a protective measure on criminality as well as how religion reduces anti-social behaviors. According to the article, religion minimizes the likelihood of fighting as well as other behaviors by inmates or rather suppress negative emotions and actions by 70%. Major concept in research is how self-control measures enhance religiosity.

3. Does the author offer any research hypotheses? If so, describe them.
Yes the research hypothesis from an article of Kerley, Kent R., Allison, Marissa C., Graham, Rachelle D. 2006.
Negative emotions assess the level at which inmates can control their emotions. Some of these emotions are sadness, grief and anger, and emotional analysis during the research process. Demographic variables, as well as criminal history, are some of the variables in measure of religiosity.
4. Describe the data (quantitative or qualitative) used by the author. Describe the key-dependent and independent variables used (if quantitative) or the critical themes explored (if qualitative).
Data is sourced from a male inmate prison who were selected according to their age for the study.Dependent variables were examined based on prison deviance, Independent variables were separated into four categories, for instance, the measure of religiosity, criminal history, self-control together with demographic background. The belief of superpower, whether born again as well as how often inmates attended religious services.
5. What are the significant strengths and weaknesses of the data?
Strength in the study involves the origin of negative emotions is researched as well as how religion impacts emotions and behaviorsaccording to criminal records and demography. Weaknesses involved in this study are; the study was carried out and data collected from male in-mates instead of both genders. Arguments and fights data is derived from self-reports instead of comparison between reports from the institution and self-reports for validity. The study shows mixed results from demographic factors, criminal history to religiosity.
6. Identify and describe briefly the type of analysis used.
Data was collected through the use of a survey questionnaire where inmates were given sample questions which were to be received later with a return envelope. The reports were self-reports from issues such as when last they attended church.

7. Findings from the study collected started that, no direct relationship between the variables. Inmates who were in maximum security experienced negative emotions compared to those in minimum securities. (Kerley,et,al.,2006). Race, as well as age, were recorded to be the factors under emotional behaviors. According to criminal history, inmates who were previously housed were likely to engage in arguments and fights frequently. According to demographic factors, older inmates engaged in fights portraying negative emotions compared to the younger.
8. What are the author’ s key conclusions?
Religiosity does not directly impact emotions and behaviors, but the skills and values learned. Other factors that affect emotions are the criminal history as well as demographic impacts such as age. According to the research, those involved in religious activities are less likely to engage in fights compared to those who have no religious record.
9. Does the author(s) make any policy recommendations from the study? If so, summarize them.
Most researchers do not focus on emotional factors as compared to the behavioral aspect of inmates. Religion is a tool used to enable one to have self-control as well as make rational decisions but not solving this problem. Offering religious services, as well as bible studies, are some of the policies applied in prisons to control behaviors and emotions. Regardless of an inmate’s criminal, history, as well as demography self-control skills, are acquired for survival as well as ethical decision making.

Reference
Kerley, K. R., Allison, M. C., & Graham, R. D. (2006). Investigating the impact of religiosity on emotional and behavioral coping in prison. Journal of Crime and Justice, 29(2), 69-93.

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